Brain Regions Engaged by Part- and Whole-Task Performance in a Video Game: A Model-Based Test of the Decomposition Hypothesis

Autor/inn/en	Anderson, John R.; Bothell, Daniel; Fincham, Jon M.; Anderson, Abraham R.; Poole, Ben; Qin, Yulin
Titel	Brain Regions Engaged by Part- and Whole-Task Performance in a Video Game: A Model-Based Test of the Decomposition Hypothesis
Quelle	In: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23 (2011) 12, S.3983-3997 (15 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0898-929X
DOI	10.1162/jocn_a_00033
Schlagwörter	Video Games; Brain; Neurological Organization; Models; Prediction; Cognitive Processes; Individual Differences + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Video game; Videospiel; Videospiele; Gehirn; Analogiemodell; Vorhersage; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Individueller Unterschied
Abstract	Part- and whole-task conditions were created by manipulating the presence of certain components of the Space Fortress video game. A cognitive model was created for two-part games that could be combined into a model that performed the whole game. The model generated predictions both for behavioral patterns and activation patterns in various brain regions. The activation predictions concerned both tonic activation that was constant in these regions during performance of the game and phasic activation that occurred when there was resource competition. The model's predictions were confirmed about how tonic and phasic activation in different regions would vary with condition. These results support the Decomposition Hypothesis that the execution of a complex task can be decomposed into a set of information-processing components and that these components combine unchanged in different task conditions. In addition, individual differences in learning gains were predicted by individual differences in phasic activation in those regions that displayed highest tonic activity. This individual difference pattern suggests that the rate of learning of a complex skill is determined by capacity limits. (As Provided).
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Update	2017/4/10